Influence of single-leg training on muscle metabolism and endurance during exercise with the trained limb and the untrained limb     

A E Hardman  C Williams  L H Boobis 《Journal of sports sciences》1987,5(2):105-116

We have previously shown that single-leg training results in improved endurance for exercise with the untrained leg (UTL) as well as for exercise with the trained leg (TL). The purpose of this study was to see whether the improved endurance of the untrained leg could be explained on the basis of changes in muscle metabolism. Exercise time to exhaustion at 80% of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) was determined for each leg separately, pre- and post-training. Muscle metabolite concentrations were measured pre- and post-training in biopsy samples obtained immediately before this endurance test and at the pre-training point of exhaustion (END1). After six weeks of single-leg training endurance time was increased for both the UTL and the TL (UTL 34.0 +/- 16.4 min vs 97.9 +/- 26.3 min, P less than 0.01; TL 28.3 +/- 10.1 min vs 169.0 +/- 32.6 min, P less than 0.01). No changes in muscle metabolite concentrations were found in resting muscle. Training increased muscle ATP (P less than 0.05) and glycogen (P less than 0.01) concentrations and decreased muscle lactate concentration (P less than 0.05) in the TL at END1. No significant changes in muscle metabolite concentrations were found for the UTL. The improved endurance of the contralateral limb after single-leg training could not be explained on the basis of changes in muscle metabolism.  相似文献   

Living better with technology     

Bruce Williams 《Minerva》1983,21(4):370-386

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Measurement of hymenal diameter in pediatric sexual abuse exams     

N Hilton  J Williams  K Coulter 《Child abuse & neglect》1988,12(4):607-608

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Higher Education and Unemployment     

Bruce Williams 《Higher Education Quarterly》1994,48(4):277-293

Graduates from HEIs play key roles in process and product innovations which generate growth in output per worker and incomes. Some innovations increase and some reduce the demand for labour over time, and population growth apart, the net effect has been labour saving - life hours of work have fallen considerably. An important part of that reduction has been later entry to the labour force. While HEIs and their students respond to the manpower needs of employers, a more important response is that of employers to the great social change from elite to mass higher education. Post employment education and training is increasing and in the most dynamic economies the role of the business sector in FE&T is likely to increase relative to that of the education sector.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Bob Cowen  Norman Evans  Hugh Glanville  Bruce Williams  Rupert Wilkinson 《Higher Education》1993,26(4):471-479

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A reconsideration of Afro-American literature     

Kenny J. Williams 《Academic Questions》1993,6(1):24-40

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Crisis communication in racial issues     

David Williams  Bolanle Olaniran 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2002,30(4):293-313

On November 17, 1998, three individuals were detained by local police in Lubbock, Texas for attempting a pigeon drop scam in a Wal Mart parking lot. The three suspects were the head coach, an assistant coach, and the husband of the head coach from the visiting Hampton University women's basketball team. The three were eventually proven innocent and released, but not before a crisis involving racial overtones had been initiated. The case study explores the crisis management responses of Texas Tech University and Lubbock, Texas and the implications for the study of crises involving race.  相似文献   

The Application of Direct Writing Assessments in Five States     

Paul L. Williams 《Educational Measurement》1984,3(1):19-19

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The information needs of perioperative staff: a preparatory study for a proposed specialist library for theatres (NeLH)     

Nicholas D  Williams P  Smith A  Longbottom P 《Health information and libraries journal》2005,22(1):35-43

AIMS/OBJECTIVES: To undertake an information-needs analysis of operating theatre staff in order to inform the development of a specialist library of the National Electronic Library of Health (NeLH). SETTING: Three hospitals in an NHS Trust in a rural county in the north of England. METHODS: In-depth interviews, during which staff were questioned in regard to their job roles and information needs, information-seeking behaviour, access to computers, use and perceptions of the NeLH, and what they would like from a specialist library. RESULTS: Information needs were found to concern direct care, professional and academic development, medical devices knowledge and administration. Currency and speed of delivery were the key information requirements. Poor communication appeared to be a major problem for many staff and inhibited efficient information exchange. When using the Web, both clinical and non-clinical staff searched in a similar fashion to health consumers generally, despite their need for highly specialist information. Most respondents reacted warmly to the idea of the proposed National Electronic Library for Theatre Staff (NeLTS) and made several practical suggestions for suitable material. However, access was problematic for nurses and might prove to be an obstacle to take-up of the Specialist Library. CONCLUSIONS: Communication difficulties, the fragmentation of data in the field and the consequent difficulties of finding information point to the need for an NeLTS. However, for this library to embrace and succeed with all the various groups that constitute the operating theatre staff, issues of access and digital literacy need to be addressed.  相似文献   

Extending scientific knowledge through the study of sport and exercise psychology     

Williams AM 《Journal of sports sciences》2005,23(3):225-226

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